从零开始学语法：dare的两种用法

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从零开始学语法：dare的两种用法

Dare, meaning have the courage to do something, can also be used in two ways: Dare的意思是 有勇气做某事 ，它也有两种用法： dare 作实义动词 .as an ordinary verb followed by an infinitive with to, wit

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Dare, meaning have the courage to do something, can also be used in two ways:

Dare的意思是“有勇气做某事”，它也有两种用法：

dare 作实义动词

.as an ordinary verb followed by an infinitive with to, with s in the third person singular and with questions and negatives formed with do:

作为实义动词时，接带to的不定式，第三人称单数作主语时加s，疑问句和否定句用do来构成：

He never dares to criticise her for wasting money and she doesn't dare to interrupt him when he's working.

他从不敢批评她浪费钱，而她不敢打扰他工作。

dare 作情态动词

.as a modal auxiliary verb followed by an infinitive without to, with no third person singular s and with questions and negatives without do:

作为情态助动词时，接不带to的不定式，第三人称单数作主语时不加s，疑问句和否定句不需要用do来构成：

Dare she tell him what she thinks about him? She daren't say anything. He will only shout at her. "How dare you speak to me like that?" he will say.

她敢告诉他她对他的想法吗?她什么也不敢说。他只会对着她咆哮：“你怎敢那样对我说话?”他肯定会这么说。

比较

Differences in use are not as fixed or clear cut between doesn't dare to and daren't as they are between doesn't need to and needn't, except in expressions or collocations such as:

doesn't dare to与daren't在用法上的差别不像doesn't need to和needn't那么固定或清晰，除了在以下这些表达和搭配中：

.How dare you?

你怎么敢?

eg: How dare you walk away when I'm talking to you?

我在跟你说话的时候你怎么敢走开?

.I dare you to…

我谅你不敢……

I dare you to go up to him and ask him for a date.

我谅你也不敢走到他面前请他跟你约会。

.I dare say…

我敢说……

I dare say you're pretty hungry after all that cycling.

我敢说你骑了那么久后肯定饿死了。

In this last example, I dare say means I suppose.

最后一例中的I dare say的意思是I suppose，我料想。

【新概念】as的用法小结

一、as作连词的用法:

1. 作"当……的时候",引导时间状语从句。注意与when、 while的用法区别。

① when作"当……的时候"解,可以指较短的(一点)时间,也可指一段时间。如:

When he was at college, he could speak several foreign languages. (表示一段时间)

When the clock struck twelve, all the lights in the street went out. (表示时刻)

② while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词同时发生。如:

Work while you work. Play while you play.

③ 但属下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。

A) 用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指"一边……,一边……"。如:

The girl dances as she sings on the stage.

He looked behind from time to time// as he went forward.

B)表示两个同步发展的动作或行为,译为"随着……"。如:

As time went on / by, she became more and more worried.

As children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them.

C)表示两个短促行为或事件几乎同时发生。如:

I thought of it //just as you opened your mouth.

Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry.

D) 后接名词表示某一年龄段时,用as。如:

As a young man, he was active in sports.

2. as=since, 作"既然"、"由于"解,引导原因状语从句,常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。如:

As / Since you're not feeling well, you may stay at home.

As he wasn't ready in time, we went without him.

3. as=in the way that, 作"像"、"按照……的方式"解,引导方式状语从句。如:

He speaks English as Americans do.

Remember, you must do everything as I do.

4. 用于as...as...或not so/ as...as...中,前一个as是副词(副词后面跟形容词、动词、副词),后一个as是连词(连词后面可以跟动词、形容词、句子),引导比较状语从句。如:

They helped the old man as often as possible.

I don't speak English so/ as well as he does.

5. 作"虽然"、"尽管"解,引导让步状语从句。常用倒装语序,即adj. /adv. / n.+ as +主语+谓语+主句。如:

Tired as they were, they walked on.

Child as he is, he knows a lot. (child前不用冠词)

二、as作关系代词,引导定语从句,作"正如"、"这一点"解 。如:

He is very careful, as his work shows.

As is well-known, Taiwan belongs to China.

另外,当先行词被the same, such等词修饰时,常用as来引导定语从句。如:

Such a clever boy as he can learn anything quickly.

I was reading the same book as he bought yesterday.

三、as作介词的用法:

as引导的介词短语大多用作状语,as译为"作为";少数情况可引起宾语补足语。如:

As a League member, I'll take the lead in everything. (状语)

She works as a doctor. (状语)

They have me as one of their own children.(引起宾语补足语)

定冠词the的用法解析

定冠词the与this/that/these/those/同源，意为“这个,那个,这些,那些”等。

(1)特指上文提到过的特定的人或事物

例如：I went to a nearby restaurant. The food there was good, but the service of therestaurant was terrible.我去了附近一 家饭店，那里的饭菜很好，但服务很糟糕。

(2)特指上文虽未提及，但谈话人都知道的 人或事物

例如：Close the windows before you lea ve the lab.离开实验室前请关上窗子。

(3)用在表示宇宙间独一无二的事物的名词 前。

例如：The sun was shining and birds w ere singing.阳光照耀，鸟儿啼鸣。

(4)用在可数名词单数前表示一类人或事物

例如：The brain is the ce

(5)用在表示地点,方位和时间的固定短语 中

例如：in the world 在世界上

in the country在乡村

at the corner在拐角处

in the east在东方

(6)用于序数词前或比较等级所修饰的名 词前

例如：He is always the first to come a nd the last to leave.他总是第一个来最后 一个离开。

(7)用于“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”结 构中

例如：The more love we give ,the more love we will receive.我们付出的爱越多， 得到的爱就越多。

(8)用于某些形容词或形容词化的过去分词 前表示一类人或事物

The poor in Afica are still suffering fro m hunger.非洲的穷人依然在挨饿。

(9)用于被演奏的西洋乐器名词前

例如：Shall we dance to the guitar?我们 可以跟着吉他跳舞吗?

(10)用于集体名词,物质名词前

例如：The museum is open to the public .博物馆对公众开放。

ntre of though t.大脑是思维的中心。

(11)用于表示世纪或年代的词前

例如：in the 19th century 在19世纪

in the fifties 在50年代

(12)用于“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位”的 结构中

例如：The policeman caught the thief by the arm.警察抓住了小偷的胳膊。

A stone hit me in the face as I wal ked by the garden.我从花园旁经过时一块 石头击中了我的脸。

(13)用于“by+the+计量单位名词”结构中

by the pound/foot/yard按磅/英尺/码

(14)用于表示地名,组织名,江河,海洋,海湾,沙 漠等的专有名词前

例如：the Great wall 长城

the Yellow River黄河