托福阅读10大题型提问形式和题目数量盘点介绍

托福考试中阅读部分的考试时间较长题型和题目数量也相对较多，不少考生缺乏对阅读题型题数的具体认识，今天小编给大家带来了托福阅读10大题型提问形式和题目数量盘点介绍,希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

【入门基础】托福阅读10大题型提问形式和题目数量盘点介绍

1. 事实信息题(Factual information)

事实信息题是托福阅读中数量最多的题型，在每篇阅读文章中都会有3-6题为事实信息题。这个题型如同其字面含义，就是考察大家对阅读文章中包含的各类信息的掌握程度。这类题目的提问方式主要有两种，分别是：

According to the paragraph，...?

The author's description of X mentions which of the following?

2. 否认事实信息题(Negative Factual Infomation)

这个题型和上面的事实信息题正好相反，如果说事实信息题问的是文章里讲了什么，那么否认事实信息题问的就是文章里没讲没有提及什么。这类题型的考察目的和事实信息题相同，也是考察考生对文章包含信息的了解。每篇文章中这样的题目数量最多2题，也有可能1道都没有。这个题型的提问方式是：

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?

The author's description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT...

3. 暗示推理题(Inference)

这个题型同样问的是事实，但并不是文章直接提到的事实，而是需要考生结合文章给出信息进行一定推理后得出的结论，对考生的逻辑推理分析能力有一定要求。这个题型每篇阅读中都会有1到3题，常见提问方式是：

Which of the following can be inferred about X?

The author of the passage implies that X...

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about X?

4. 修辞目的题(Rhetorical Purpose)

这个题型的题数为1-2题，光看名字似乎有点不太好理解，其实通俗来说就是问目的或者说原因，比如作者会什么要提某人某事，或者作者提及某人某事是为了什么等等。这类题目考的也是逻辑思维能力，提问方式也比较简单直接：

The author discusses X in paragraph 2 in order to ...

Why does the author mention X?

The author uses X as an example of ...

5. 词汇题(Vocabulary)

词汇题是托福阅读中出题目的最为简单粗暴的题目，就是直接考察考生的词汇量，因此提问也是问考生文章段落中某个词汇的具体含义。由于托福阅读对考生的词汇要求比较高，因此这个题型的数量也是比较多的，一般为3-5题，其题型常见的问法是：

The word "X" in the passage is closest in meaning to ...

The phrase "X" in the passage is closest in meaning to ..

In stating X, the author means that ...

6. 指代题(Reference)

指代题从出题形式上看似和词汇题类似，但考察的目标却并非大家的词汇而是对文章不同段落特定内容的理解。这类文章要求考生具体到文章中寻找指代对象，虽然题目本身难度不高但却会花费大家一定时间，对于不擅长返回原文寻找的同学来说需要花费较多时间解题。当然这类题目数量并不多，大概在0-2题之间。一般出题形式为：

The word "X" in the passage refers to ...

7. 句子简化题(Sentence Simplification)

这个题型在托福阅读中出现数量较少，每篇文章可能只有1题，有时候不会出现。简化题要求考生根据原文中的句子选择一个能够表达其主要含义的选项句子，可以说既考大家对句子的理解也考察考生对句子结构的认识，提问方式也是比较固定的：

Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

8. 文本插入题(Insert Text)

文本插入题为必考题型，每篇阅读固定会有1题。这个题型出题形式比较有特色，会在一个段落或者上下两个段落的各处给出4个黑色实心方块标记，然后再给出一个句子要求考生选择合适的位置插入这个文本句子。这道题也是考察大家对于文章特定段落或是段落之间衔接等方面的理解而设计的题型，出题形式是：

Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

[黑体加粗句子]

Where would the sentence best fit?

9. 总结题(Prose Summary)& 10. 图表题Fill in a Table

这两种题型放在一起说，是因为每篇阅读的最后一题都会从这两种题型中选择其一出现，而且考察的都是考生对文章结构各段落大意的整体理解。从目前的考生反馈来看，总结题出现的概率比图表题要更高一些。总结题的出题形式是给出6个选项，然后要求大家从中选择3个符合题目要求的选项。而图表题一般是在文章本身结构包含有对比和分类时才会出现的题型，会给出更多选项并要求考生分别把不同选项放入题目给出的分类当中，当然选项数量也是比实际正确的答案要更多的。

托福阅读推理题的答题技巧

一、 推理题的标志

推理题的题干中一般含有infer, imply, most likely, least likely, probably等词，分为有共性的推理题和无共性的推理题两大类。

二、 推理题的做法

对于无共性的推理题，也就是题干中无线索的，一般使用排除法，即根据各个选项的关键词回原文定位，通过排除法得出正确答案。

对于有共性的推理题，也就是题干中有线索的，建议考生可以先圈定题干中的关键词，根据关键词回原文定位，然后进行推理。推理题主要有下列思路：

1. 一般对比推理

ETS设计推理题的手段不多，根据两个事物的对比特征出题是其中之一。问其中一个事物的特征时，只要将与之形成对比的另一个事物的特征否定掉就可以了。

例如：

It should be obvious that cetaceans, whales, porpoises, and dolphins are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land-dwelling mammals. However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like.

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters?

A. It is not difficult to imagine what they looked like.

B. There were great numbers of them.

C. They lived in the sea only.

D. They did not leave many fossil remains.

2. 时间对比推理

这种思路常被考到。在这种推理中，一般有两个形成对比的时间段，它们所具有的特征一般相反。当题干问一个时间段的特征时，只要将与之相反的时间段的特征否定掉就可以了。

例：

Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive population growth….

…It appeared that Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through the Western world since the time of the Industrial Revolution.

It can be inferred from the passage that before the Industrial Revolution

(A) families were larger.

(B) population statistics were unreliable.

(C) the population grew steadily.

(D) economic conditions were bad.

3.集合概念推理

集合概念推理也可以称之为百分比推断，它指的是在一个集合中，包含两个相对的方面，共同构成一个大的集合。一方所占的比例减少意味着另一方所占比例的增加;反之一方所占的比例增加意味着另一方所占比例的减少。根据这一思路，可以由集合中一方的数量变化推断另一方的消减。

例：

A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals. …Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada….

By contrast, a popular culture is a large heterogeneous group, often highly individualistic and constantly changing.

What does the author imply about the United States and Canada?

(A) They value folk cultures.

(B) They have no social classes.

(C) They have popular cultures.

(D) They do not value individualism.

托福阅读背景知识之华尔街的故事

华尔街是全美乃至全球的经济中心，如何能够在华尔街站住脚呢?选择一个最受华尔街青睐的职业是最方便的了。

Wall Street has undergone a radical face lift this year, but finance industry recruiters are expected to stick to roughly the same formula when looking to fill entry-level positions with college graduates in the future.

华尔街如今已经彻底改头换面了。不过，金融业招聘人士在寻找大学毕业生填补初级职位空缺的时候，预计仍将坚持与以往大致相同的甄选原则。

Wealth management, investment banking and research are expected to see a hiring surge in the coming years, according to Joseph Logan, founder and managing director of Pinnacle Group International, a New York executive recruiting firm specializing in the financial services industry.

Pinnacle Group International的创始人兼董事总经理约瑟夫 洛根(Joseph Logan)表示，财富管理、投资银行和研究领域有望在未来几年掀起招聘热潮。Pinnacle Group International是纽约一家专业服务于金融服务业的高管猎头公司。

'A strong background in accounting plus financial [knowledge in] evaluation is the key-and being well-rounded will help a lot,' says David Smith, an associate professor at the McIntire School of Commerce at the University of Virginia who specializes in corporate finance and banking. Strong social skills and the ability to think creatively are important to round out more technical and quantitative talents.

“会计和财务估值方面的过硬背景是应聘成功的关键，知识全面也会大有帮助，”弗吉尼亚大学(University of Virginia)麦金太尔商学院(McIntire School of Commerce)专门从事企业财务和银行业研究的副教授史密斯(David Smith)表示。出色的社交技能和创新思维能力对于那些偏重技术性和数理方面的人才来说是个重要的补充。

Mr. Smith, who helps prepare students for finance job interviews, advises the students who want to head to Wall Street to eschew finance fads like the current demand in restructuring or credit derivatives which were hot two years ago and focus on becoming fluent in accounting and financial evaluation fundamentals that are applicable to any specialty. As the economy recovers more traditional financial services functions, such as mergers and acquisitions advisory will make a comeback, according to Mr. Smith .

史密斯帮助学生们为金融职位面试做准备。他向那些希望在华尔街发展的学生们建议说，要避开金融业一时的潮流,比如眼下对两年前颇为流行的重组或者信用衍生品方面的人才需求，而将目光集中在像会计和财务估值基本知识这样适用于所有金融领域的研究。随着经济的复苏,那些更为传统的金融服务业务比如并购咨询行业将重新焕发活力,史密斯表示。

托福阅读材料之GOOGLE的发展历程

托福阅读的关键是在于多看多练，为了帮助广大考生更好的复习，小编为大家整理提供托福阅读材料:google的发展历程，以供各位考生复习参考，生活中有很多事情需要大家细心观察和发现，阅读文章不仅可以锻炼能力还能了解各方面的知识。在托福阅读练习中大家要多找些托福文章练习，小编也会经常找些文章让大家参考的，下面开始今天的托福阅读吧。

Growth

While the primary business interest is in the web content arena, Google has begun experimenting with other markets, such as radio and print publications. On 17 January 2006, Google announced the purchase of a radio advertising company "dMarc", which provides an automated system that allows companies to advertise on the radio.This will allow Google to combine two niche advertising media—the Internet and radio—with Google's ability to laser-focus on the tastes of consumers. Google has also begun an experiment in selling advertisements from its advertisers in offline newspapers and magazines, with select advertisements in the Chicago Sun-Times.They have been filling unsold space in the newspaper that would have normally been used for in-house advertisements.

Acquisitions

Since 2001, Google has acquired several companies, mainly focusing on small start-ups.

In 2004, Google acquired a company called Keyhole, Inc.,which developed a product called Earth Viewer, renamed in 2005 to Google Earth.

In February 2006, software company Adaptive Path sold Measure Map, a weblog statistics application, to Google. Registration to the service has since been temporarily disabled. The last update regarding the future of Measure Map was made on 6 April 2006 and outlined many of the known issues of the service.

In late 2006, Google bought the online video site YouTube for $1.65 billion in stock.Shortly after, on 31 October 2006, Google announced that it had also acquired JotSpot, a developer of wiki technology for collaborative Web sites.

On 13 April 2007, Google reached an agreement to acquire DoubleClick. Google agreed to buy the company for $3.1 billion.

On 2 July 2007, Google purchased GrandCentral. Google agreed to buy the company for $50 million.

On 9 July 2007, Google announced that it had signed a definitive agreement to acquire enterprise messaging security and compliance company Postini.

On August 5 2009, Google announced the purchase of video software maker On2 Technologies for $106.5 million - its first acquisition of a public company.

On 24 November 2009, Google announced the purchase of Teracent, a California based start up company, for an undisclosed price. This is another acquisition on Google's behalf in a series of advertising related purchases- AdMob, Double Click.